Table 2 Chemical composition (oxide analysis) of ceramic waste powder obtained from three industrial sources (Ghani Ceramics, Ocean Ceramics, and Qiang Sheng Ceramics) determined by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, showing predominantly silicon dioxide (≈ 71.4%) with significant aluminum and sodium oxides.

From: Experimental investigation of sustainable concrete production using ceramic waste powder as partial fine aggregate replacement

Sr. No.

Chemical Composition

M/S Ghani Ceramics (Pvt.) Ltd

M/S Ocean Ceramics (Pvt.) Ltd

M/S Qiang Sheng Ceramics (Pvt.) Ltd

1

Silicon dioxide

71.35

71.40

71.38

2

Aluminum oxide

13.75

13.72

13.77

3

Ferric oxide

0.55

0.53

0.57

4

Calcium oxide

0.015

0.017

0.018

5

Potassium oxide

0.03

0.025

0.028

6

Titanium dioxide

0.07

0.066

0.067

7

Sodium oxide

12.89

12.91

12.90

8

Magnesium oxide

0.92

0.91

0.90

9

Sulfur trioxide

0.01

0.011

0.013

10

Loss on ignition

0.13

0.12

0.11

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