Table 4 Characterization of iSWAP, \(\sqrt{i\text {SWAP}}\), and CNOT gates showing QPT fidelities (\(\mathcal {F}_p\)) and output state populations (\(P_{00}\)) for the \(|00\rangle\) input. The \(\sqrt{i\text {SWAP}}\) gate shows the largest hardware fidelity drop (\(\Delta \mathcal {F}_p = 10.37\%\)), while the CNOT gate exhibits the smallest (\(4.87\%\)). All three gates show comparable \(P_{00}\) degradation on hardware (\(\sim 6.5-7.6\%\)).

From: Benchmarking engineered exchange interactions on NISQ hardware

Gate

Process fidelity \(\mathcal {F}_p\)

\(\Delta \mathcal {F}_p\)

State preparation \(P_{00}\)

\(\Delta P_{00}\)

Simulator (%)

Hardware (%)

(HW Drop) (%)

Simulator (%)

Hardware (%)

(HW Drop) (%)

iSWAP (This study)

97.32

89.72

7.60

100.00

93.53

6.47

\(\sqrt{i\text {SWAP}}\) (This study)

98.02

87.65

10.37

100.00

92.44

7.56

CNOT 55

97.89

93.02

4.87

100.00

92.40

7.60