Fig. 6

Response to extratropical thermal forcing. a The position of energy flux equator and b averaged precipitation between equator to 20°N minus the average between equator and 20°S, divided by the average between 20°S and 20°N, as a function of FS0. The tropical precipitation asymmetry index in (b) is zero if the profile is perfectly symmetric about the equator. The index is positive (negative) for a northward (southward) ITCZ shift. Dash-dot (solid) is for the model without (with) the Ekman advection. The squares indicate the results from the model with a mixed layer depth of 25 m, and bars indicate the 95% confidence interval