Table 2 Summary of models on BrC.

From: Lifecycle of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols in the atmosphere

Reference	Model	Global/regional	BrC sources	Optical properties for MAC calculating	Whitening	Mixing with BC	Evaluating with observations	BrC absorption DRE at TOA	Footnote
Park et al., 2010²²⁰	GEOS-Chem v7.04	Regional (East Asia)	Based on BrC/BC ratio	Based on Alexander et al. (2008)²²¹	No	Externally mixed	Evaluate overall BC+BrC absorptions with surface measurements	0.05 W m⁻²	a
Feng et al.¹⁴⁸	IMPACT	Global	2/3 of biomass and biofuel POA	Moderately absorbing case: based on ref. ²¹, Strongly absorbing case: based on Kirchstetter et al. (2004)²²²	No	Internally core-shell	Evaluate overall BC+BrC absorptions with AERONET AAOD	Moderate absorbing case: 0.04 W m⁻² Strongly absorbing case: 0.11 W m⁻²	b,c
Lin et al., 2014²²³	IMPACT	Global	Biomass and biofuel POA; Biomass-burning SOA	Moderately absorbing case: based on ref. ²¹, Strongly absorbing case: based on Kirchstetter et al. (2004)²²²	No	Externally mixed	Evaluate overall BC+BrC absorptions with AERONET AAOD	Moderate absorbing case: 0.22 W m⁻² Strongly absorbing case: 0.57 W m⁻²	c
Jacobson, 2014²²⁴	GATOR-GCMOM	Global	Assume 30% of biomass and biofuel POA as strongly absorbing BrC; Assume other 70% as moderately absorbing BrC	Moderately absorbing case: based on Alexander et al. (2008)²²¹; Strongly absorbing case: based on Kirchstetter et al. (2004)²²²	No	Internally core-shell	Evaluate total aeroso absorptions with AERONET and OMI AAOD	Not reported	b
Wang et al.¹²³	GEOS-Chem v9.1.3	Global	50% of biofuel POA; 25% of biomass POA; Aromatic SOA	Br-POA: based on ref. ²¹ (Liu et al. 2013¹²⁰; Zhang et al. 2013)²²⁵; Br-SOA: based on Zhang et al. (2013)²²⁵	No	Externally mixed	Evaluate overall BC+BrC absorptions with AERONET AAOD	0.07 W m⁻²	c,d
Saleh et al.²⁶	GEOS-Chem v9.1.3	Global	Biomass and biofuel POA	Based on the simulated mass concentration ratio of BC/OA and parameterization of ref. ²⁰	No	Externally mixed	No evaluation.	0.12 W m⁻²	c,e
Wang et al., 2016²²⁶	GEOS-Chem v9.1	Regional (Amazon)	Biomass and biofuel POA	Based on the emitted ratio of BC/OA and parameterization of ref. ²⁰	No	Externally mixed	Evaluate overall BC+BrC absorptions with AAOD	Not reported
Wang et al.¹⁵²	GEOS-Chem v10.1	Global	Biomass and biofuel POA; Biomass SOA	Based on the emitted ratio of BC/OA and parameterization of ref. ²⁰	Yes	Externally mixed	Evaluate with direct BrC absorption from aircraft measurements	0.048 W m⁻²	c,d
Brown et al.¹⁵³	CESM with CAM5.4	Global	Biomass and biofuel POA	Based on the emitted ratio of BC/OA and parameterization of ref. ²⁰	Yes	Internally mixed (volume mixing)	Evaluate overall BC+BrC absorptions with AAOD	0.06 W m⁻²	c
Zhang et al.¹²⁶	CESM with CAM5	Global	Biomass and biofuel POA; Aromatic SOA	Br-POA: based on the emitted ratio of BC/OA and parameterization of ref. ²⁰ Br-SOA: based on Nakayama et al. (2010)²²⁷	Yes	Externally mixed	Evaluate with direct BrC absorption from aircraft measurements	0.1 W m⁻²	c,f

^aAbsorption DRE is the Asian mean of annual average values.
^bBoth non-absorbing OA and BrC are assumed to be coated on BC and cause lensing effect. The effect from reduced externally mixed BrC due to coating is not considered.
^cAbsorption DRE is the global mean of annual average value.
^dBrC are assumed to be externally mixed with BC. Non-absorbing OA are assumed to be coated on BC and cause lensing effect.
^eBoth non-absorbing OA and BrC are assumed to be coated on BC and cause lensing effect. The effect from reduced externally mixed BrC due to coating is also considered.
^fA convective transport of BrC was included: the wet scavenging efficiency of BrC was decreased to force more BrC transported through convection to the free troposphere.

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Table 2 Summary of models on BrC.

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