Table 1 Aliphatic precursors and reaction products.
From: Formation of secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic precursors in laboratory studies
Alkanes-precursors | Experimental conditions | Reaction products | References |
|---|---|---|---|
C8–15 alkanes | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Hydroxy nitrates, dinitrates, and substituted tetrahydrofurans | Lim and Ziemann21 |
C5–C8 alkanes | Chamber-OH oxidation with NO | Hydroxy ketones | Reisen et al.49 |
C15,16 n-alkanes | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Dihydrofurans, alkyl nitrates, and hydroxy ketones | Lim and Ziemann22 |
C6–17 linear alkanes, C6-11 branched alkanes, C6-8,10,12,15 cyclic alkanes | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Dihydrofurans, alkyl nitrates, and hydroxy ketones | Lim and Ziemann33 |
C10 alkanes | Chamber, Cl | Decanal, decyl alcohol, heptaldehyde, heptyl alcohol, and hexyl alcohol | Shi et al.96 |
C10–C12 alkanes | Chamber, high NOx, Cl, dry/humid | Organonitrates (hydroxy nitrates, ONO2−CnH2n+1O; oxidized organonitrates, ONO2−CnH2n−5O4), C2H3ClO2 and C2H2Cl2O2 | Wang and Hildebrandt Ruiz94 |
Outdoor smog chamber | C7H15O4S–, C10H17O5S–, C9H19O6S–, C10H19O6S–, C10H17O7S–, C10H19O8S–, C12H19O7S–, and C10H15O9S– | Riva et al.128 | |
C11 alkanes | Chamber, Cl | Heptaldehyde, butyraldehyde, heptyl alcohol, octanal, hexyl alcohol, 1-hydroxy-butanone, 1-octanol, 1-hydroxy-propanone, 1-hydroxy-pentanone and 1-hydroxy-hexanone | Shi et al.96 |
C12 alkanes | Chamber-based OH oxidation | Hydroxycarbonyls, hydroperoxycarbonyls, hydroperoxides, peracids, and PHA | Craven et al.51 |
Chamber-based OH oxidation, low-NOx | Hydroxycarbonyls, hydroperoxides, hydroperoxycarbonyls, hydroxy hydroperoxides, peracids, PHA, and dihydroperoxides | Yee et al.50 | |
Chamber-OH oxidation, low-NOx /high-NOx | Hydroxycarbonyls, and dihydrofurans | Zhang et al.55 | |
Chamber-OH oxidation, low-NOx | Hydroperoxides, hydroxycarbonyls, PHA, and hemiacetals | Fahnestock et al.31 | |
Chamber-OH oxidation, high-NOx | Alcohols, aldehydes, hemiacetals, nitrate-bearing hemiacetals, and acid anhydrides | Fahnestock et al.31 | |
Chamber-based OH oxidation | Hydroxycarbonyls, hydroperoxides, hydroperoxy carbonyls, acids, and PHA | Yee et al.52 | |
Smog chamber, OH, high NOx | Hydroxycarbonyls, hemiacetals, and acid anhydrides | Li et al.56 | |
Chamber, Cl | Octanal, hexanal, propionaldehyde, hexyl alcohol, 1-hydroxy-propanone, 1- hydroxy-butanone, 1-hydroxy-pentanone and 1-hydroxy-hexanone | Shi et al.96 | |
C13 alkanes | Chamber, Cl | Acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, hexanal, hexyl alcohol, heptaldehyde and 1-hydroxy-butanone | Shi et al.96 |
C14 alkanes | Chamber, Cl | Heptaldehyde, butyraldehyde, hexanal, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, hexyl alcohol, 1- hydroxy-propanone, heptyl alcohol, 1-hydroxy-butanone and octanal | Shi et al.96 |
C15, C17 alkanes | Smog chamber, OH, high NOx | Hydroxycarbonyls, hemiacetals, and acid anhydrides | Li et al.56 |
C10–C17 alkanes | Chamber-OH oxidation, NOx | Cyclic hemiacetal, hemiacetal nitrate and hemiacetal dinitrates | Docherty et al.57 |
2-Methylundecane | Chamber-based OH oxidation | Hydroxycarbonyls, hydroperoxides, hydroperoxy carbonyls, acids, and PHA | Yee et al.52 |
Cholestane (C27H48) | FTR, OH-heterogeneous oxidation | Ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, and hydroxy ketones | Zhang et al.54 |
Squalane (C30H62), octacosane | FTR, OH-heterogeneous oxidation | Carbonyls, alcohols, lactones, hydroxy ketones, and carboxylic acids | Ruehl et al.48 |
2,6,10-Trimethyldodecane | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Dihydrofurans, alkyl nitrates, and hydroxy ketones | Lim and Ziemann22 |
C6,7,8,10 cyclic monoalkenes | Chamber-based ozonolysis | Alkoxyhydroperoxy aldehydes, and PHA | Ziemann53 |
C12–15 cyclic alkanes | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Dihydrofurans, alkyl nitrates, and hydroxy ketones | Lim and Ziemann22 |
C6–8,10,12,15 cyclic alkanes | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Dihydrofurans, alkyl nitrates, and hydroxy ketones | Lim and Ziemann33 |
Cyclododecane | Chamber-OH oxidation, low- NOx | Ethers, PHA, hydroxycarbonyls, alcohols, and hydroperoxides | Fahnestock et al.31 |
Chamber-OH oxidation, high- NOx | Ethers, esters, hydroxycarbonyls, alcohols, and nitrates | Fahnestock et al.31 | |
Chamber-based OH oxidation | Hydroxycarbonyls, hydroperoxides, hydroperoxy carbonyls, acids, and PHA | Yee et al.52 | |
Hexylcyclohexane | Chamber-OH oxidation, low- NOx | Hydroperoxides, PHA, hemiacetals, and hydroxycarbonyls | Fahnestock et al.31 |
Chamber-OH oxidation, high- NOx | Hydroxycarbonyl dimers, hemiacetals, and esters (with nitrate/imine groups) | Fahnestock et al.31 | |
Chamber-based OH oxidation | Hydroxycarbonyls, hydroperoxides, hydroperoxy carbonyls, acids, and PHA | Yee et al.52 | |
C6–11 branched alkanes | Chamber-based high NOx, OH oxidation | Dihydrofurans, alkyl nitrates, and hydroxy ketones | Lim and Ziemann33 |
