Fig. 6: Pathways of Arctic moisture.

Geopotential height at 850 hPa (contour, m) with 60-m intervals and column-integrated water vapor flux (vector, kg m⁻¹ s⁻¹) during events of high transportation of Arctic moisture. Shading illustrates the distribution of Arctic moisture (mm). a–c September 27 to October 1, 2016; d–f November 14–18, 2016.