Fig. 5: Lead–lag regression of 850-hPa winds and SLP onto the daily NPO index.
From: Part I observational study on a new mechanism for North Pacific Oscillation influencing the tropics

(a) Regressed 850-hPa wind (unit: m s−1) and SLP (unit: hPa) anomalies with 10-day leading the NPO index; (b) the same as (a) but for 5-day lead; (c) simultaneously regressed wind and SLP pattern; (d–f) regressed 850-hPa winds and SLP anomalies with 5- to 15-day lag, respectively. The area with black arrows shows the zonal winds above 90% confidence level based on Student’s t-test.