Fig. 1: Composite of D0JFM1-averaged SLP and 850-hPa winds anomalies and corresponding WAF between positive and negative NPO events.
From: Part II model support on a new mechanism for North Pacific Oscillation influence on ENSO

a Composite of SLP anomalies (unit: hPa) and 850-hPa wind anomalies (unit: m/s) between positive and negative NPO events for observation. b The same as (a) but for the ensemble average of 59 CMIP5/6 models. c The observational average of WAF (unit: 5m2 s−2) for all selected positive and negative NPO events. d The same as (c) but for the ensemble mean of CMIP5/6 models. The shading in (a) and (b) represents the SLP anomalies, whereas it indicates MWAF in (c) and (d). The MWAF is defined over the region that are marked by a red box in (d).