Fig. 7: Anomalies of the winter-spring RWS and precipitation regressed on the VM index.

a RWS anomalies (shading, unit: 3×10^–10 s^–2). b Precipitation anomalies (unit: mm day^–1). In a, the climatological 200-hPa zonal winds (contours, unit: m s^–1) obtained by the DJFMAM-averaged 200-hPa zonal winds during 1981–2010 are also presented. Dotted areas indicate the anomalies significant at the 95% confidence level. Boxes indicate the domain to represent western North Pacific.