Fig. 3: Composite anomalies of DJF precipitation.

Composite mean anomalies of DJF precipitation: (a) NAO−\TSPT + , (b) TSPT + \NAO−, (c) NAO−⊕TSPT + , (d) linear superposition of (a) and (b), (e) difference between (c) and (d). Bars in (f) indicate SEWP in (a–e). Crossed areas are significant at the 90% confidence level. Red dotted areas in (e) indicate precipitation in (c) are significantly stronger than those in (a) and (b). Black slash bars in (f) indicate composites to climatology are significant at the 90% confidence level, and red slash bar in (f) indicates SEWP in (c) is significantly stronger than that in (a). The line variation over the bar indicates standard deviation.