Fig. 3: Relationship between European and East Asian summertime synchronous extreme heatwaves and soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 3: Relationship between European and East Asian summertime synchronous extreme heatwaves and soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau (TP).

From: Dry soil moisture on the Tibetan plateau drives synchronous extreme heatwaves in Europe and East Asia

Fig. 3

Composite of December–January–February (a), March–April–May (b), and June–July–August (c) -averaged soil moisture anomalies (unit: 10–2 m3 m–3) for the ERA5 dataset based on the seven strong synchronization years; d Degree of network nodes based on the synchronization between EHEDs over the Northern Hemisphere Eurasia-African region and extreme dry soil moisture days (EDSMDs; Methods) in the key TP region (purple box); Degree of network nodes with EDSMDs leading by 10 (e) and 20 (f) days ahead of EHEDs. g Normalized interannual component of TP soil moisture index; Gray dashed lines indicate the ±1 standard deviation; Red triangles mark seven strong synchronization years. h The 21-year sliding correlation coefficient between the TP soil moisture index and synchronization teleconnection index; The gray dashed line denotes 0.05 significance level. Purple boxes in (c)–(f) indicate the key region (31° – 35°N, 80° – 103°E) used to define the TP soil moisture index. Dark blue contours show the 3000 m topographic height.

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