Fig. 6: Spatial distribution of O3 formation sensitivity.

Occurrence probabilities of the a VOC-limited regime, b transition-limited regime, and c NOx-limited regime spatial distributions on O3 level 0 days; d VOC-limited regime, e transition-limited regime, and f NOx-limited regime spatial distributions on O3 level 1 days; and g VOC-limited regime, h transition-limited regime, and i NOx-limited regime spatial distributions on O3 exceedance days in eastern Chinese cities derived by TROPOMI observations during April–October, 2020–2023.