Fig. 1: Proxy data networks and temporal availability.

Locations (a, c, e) and temporal distributions (b, d, f) of proxy records available for assimilation. Panels a, b are for PAGES2k database (602). Panels (c, d) are for PAGES2k + M08 database (834). Panels d, e are for the comprehensive database (1195). The orange, green, and blue symbols represent proxy records from the PAGES2k dataset, the M08 dataset, and the other datasets, respectively.