Fig. 2: Relationships between Arctic sea ice (HadISST.2.2.0.0), Eurasian snow (NSIDC) and cold/hot extremes (HadEX3) for the period 1979–2018. | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 2: Relationships between Arctic sea ice (HadISST.2.2.0.0), Eurasian snow (NSIDC) and cold/hot extremes (HadEX3) for the period 1979–2018.

From: Attributing climate and weather extremes to Northern Hemisphere sea ice and terrestrial snow: progress, challenges and ways forward

Fig. 2: Relationships between Arctic sea ice (HadISST.2.2.0.0), Eurasian snow (NSIDC) and cold/hot extremes (HadEX3) for the period 1979–2018.

Pearson correlation coefficients (a) between winter Arctic sea ice concentration (north of 60°N) and cold wave frequency, (b) between spring Arctic sea ice concentration index (north of 60°N) and heatwave frequency, (c) between autumn Eurasian snow cover (35-70°N, 40-120°E) and cold wave frequency, and (d) between spring Eurasian snow cover (35-70°N, 40-120°E) and heatwave frequency. Dotted areas are statistically significant at the 5% level. e–h are the same as in a–d, but for detrended Arctic sea ice concentration, Eurasian snow cover, and heatwave/cold wave frequency by subtracting trends estimated by Theil-Sen estimate of linear trend from the data.

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