Fig. 2: Spatial distribution of hourly precipitation at the time of maximum hourly precipitation observed at surface stations for each event. | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 2: Spatial distribution of hourly precipitation at the time of maximum hourly precipitation observed at surface stations for each event.

From: Synoptic systems influence the effectiveness of spectral nudging in high-resolution simulations of extreme precipitation

Fig. 2

a–h correspond to the 202108 event, i–p to the 202007 event, and q–x to the 201009 event. The first row in each event (a–b, i–j, q–r) represents observational data derived from IMERG and KMA 500 m datasets. The second to fourth rows show the model experimental results. In the model panels, the left column (c, e, g, k, m, o, s, u, w) presents the results from simulations with spectral nudging, whereas the right column (d, f, h, l, n, p, t, v, x) presents the results without spectral nudging. All model results represent the ensemble mean values. Spatial correlation coefficient (CORR) and root mean square error (RMSE) are indicated for each experiment, which were calculated using IMERG dataset. The model experimental results are re-gridded to match the spatial resolution of IMERG before calculating CORR and RMSE.

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