Fig. 3: Relationship between trends of SATEurasia vs. SCAND/NAO index in reanalysis and LENS2.
From: Atmospheric circulation regimes modulating Eurasian winter decadal cooling
a Positive phase of the Scandinavian (SCAND) pattern and b corresponding JF-mean SCAND index (gray bars) during 1901–2023. c, d Same as (a, b), but for the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern and index. See “Methods” for the definition of SCAND/NAO pattern and index. P1, P2, and P3 trends of SCAND/NAO index are given, with p values in parentheses. e Scatter plot of JF 15-year trends (black dots) between SATEurasia vs. SCAND index along with the linear fit (black line). f Same as (e), but for SATEurasia vs. NAO index. Correlation coefficients and corresponding p values are given, and the P1/P2/P3 trends are marked by gold/blue/red. g Same as the black line in (e), but for linear fits calculated from LENS2 100 individual members (gray lines). The ensemble mean of linear fits (black line), correlation coefficients, and corresponding p values are given. The ensemble mean results of correlation coefficients are similar between those calculated as the average of 100 simulated coefficients and calculated by scattering all 100 members’ simulations in one time.
