Fig. 3: Maps of differences between the observed vs. counterfactual values. | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 3: Maps of differences between the observed vs. counterfactual values.

From: Observational evidence of reduced Bay of Bengal lightning since 2020 linked to cloud responses to shipping emission regulations

Fig. 3

Observed minus counterfactual differences are shown for a–c lightning density ρ (strokes km−2 yr−1), d–f height h of mid-to-high cloud top (km), and g–i radius r (μm) of low cloud droplet. Circles indicate grid cells with statistically significant differences at 95% confidence level. The number in each panel is the area-averaged values within the shipping lane area. Data are from WWLLN and CERES. The figure was created using Matplotlib Python package.

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