Fig. 12: The interdecadal variations in the impact of TNIO SST on the circulation.
From: The interdecadal variations of cross-month correlation feature of the NWPSH
a 850hPa geopotential height field (HGT, shading, unit: \({\rm{gpm}}\)) and horizontal wind field (UV, vectors, unit: \({\rm{m}}{\bullet {\rm{s}}}^{-1}\)) regressed onto the summer mean TNIO SST index during 1979-2005. Dots indicate that the shading reaches the 95% confidence level, and only vectors reaching the 95% confidence level are displayed. b is similar to (a), but for 2006–2024. c and d are similar to (a) and (b), but for velocity potential (VP, shading, unit: \({10}^{5}{\bullet {\rm{m}}}^{2}{\bullet {\rm{s}}}^{-1}\)) and divergent wind (Div, vectors, unit: \({\rm{m}}{\bullet {\rm{s}}}^{-1}\)). Only velocity potential and vectors reaching the 95% confidence level are displayed. e and f are similar to (a) and (b), but for meridionally averaged (15°S–15°N) vertical pressure velocity (W, shading, unit: \({10}^{-2}{\cdot} {\rm{P}}a{\cdot {\rm{s}}}^{-1}\)) and zonal–vertical circulation (UW, vectors; zonal wind unit: \({{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\), vertical pressure velocity unit: \({10}^{-2}\bullet {\rm{P}}a{\bullet {\rm{s}}}^{-1}\)). Dots indicate that the shading reaches the 95% confidence level, and only vectors reaching the 95% confidence level are displayed.
