Fig. 2
From: Precision cardio-oncology: understanding the cardiotoxicity of cancer therapy

Mechanisms of cardiovascular injuries from commonly used cancer therapies. Common cellular targets and pathophysiological pathways are schematically illustrated. Red arrows denote detrimental effects; Blue arrows imply protective effects. The eventual death of cardiomyocytes and endothelial dysfunction lead to various cardiovascular complications. Refer to text for detail. Abbreviations: TKIs tyrosine kinase inhibitors, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, NRG-1 neuregulin-1, HER2/ErbB2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, R receptor, TopImt mitochondrial topoisomerase I, TopIIβ topoisomerase IIβ, ROS reactive oxygen species, NCS-1 neuronal calcium sensor 1, SR sarcoplasmic reticulum, ACS acute coronary syndrome