Fig. 4: Patient-specific altered signaling signatures, or barcodes, can guide the design of personalized combination therapies.

For each tumor, processes with amplitudes exceeding the threshold values (see “Methods” section) were selected and included in patient-specific sets of unbalanced processes. Those sets were converted into schematic barcodes. The sign of the amplitude denotes the direction of the imbalance, i.e., the same unbalanced process can deviate to opposite directions in different patients. Central upregulated proteins from each process were suggested as potential targets for personalized drug combinations.