Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patient cohorts.
Treatment | Training | Independent validation | p-valuea | Control cohort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Immunotherapy | Immunotherapy | Training vs. validation | Chemoimmunotherapy | |
Characteristic | (n = 96) | (n = 99) | – | (n = 139) |
Site | – | – | 0.0002 | – |
Heidelberg | 96 | 84 | – | 139 |
Grosshansdorf | – | 15 | – | – |
Sex, no. (%) | – | – | 0.8708 | – |
Male | 60 (62.5%) | 64 (64.6%) | – | 93 (66.9%) |
Female | 36 (38.5%) | 35 (35.4%) | – | 46 (33.1%) |
Age at enrollment, year | – | – | 0.3820 | – |
Mean ± SD | 67.6 ± 9.4 | 66.4 ± 9.4 | – | 64.8 ± 9.0 |
Median (range) | 68.2 (38.9–86.7) | 66.4 (33.5–87.0) | – | 64.9 (37.6–84.8) |
Histological Subtype, no. (%) | – | – | 0.6233 | – |
Adenocarcinoma | 56 (58.3%) | 56 (56.6%) | – | 106 (76.3%) |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 27 (28.1%) | 33 (33.3%) | – | 18 (12.9%) |
Other | 13 (13.5%) | 10 (10.1%) | – | 15 (10.8%) |
ECOG performance status, no. (%) | – | – | 0.3762 | – |
0 | 35 (36.5%) | 38 (38.4%) | – | 56 (40.3%) |
1 | 56 (58.3%) | 52 (52.5%) | – | 79 (56.8%) |
2 | 5 (5.2%) | 5 (5.1%) | – | 3 (2.2%) |
3 | – | 1 (1.0%) | – | 1 (0.7%) |
NA | – | 3 (3.0%) | – | – |
Smoking status, no. (%) | – | – | 0.5597 | – |
Never | 8 (8.3%) | 5 (5.1%) | – | 12 (8.6%) |
Former | 56 (58.3%) | 56 (56.6%) | – | 74 (53.2%) |
Current | 32 (33.2%) | 38 (38.4%) | – | 53 (38.1%) |
Therapy, no. (%) | – | – | 0.0025 | – |
Nivolumab | 22 (22.9%) | 44 (44.4%) | – | – |
Pembrolizumab | 74 (77.1%) | 55 (55.6%) | – | – |
Platinum doublet + pembrolizumab | – | – | – | 139 (100%) |
Therapy line, no. (%) | – | – | 0.0020 | – |
1 | 47 (49.0%) | 36 (36.4%) | – | 124 (89.2%) |
2 | 46 (47.9%) | 43 (43.4%) | – | 15 (10.8%) |
3 | 3 (3.1%) | 13 (13.1%) | – | – |
>3 | – | 7 (7.1%) | – | – |
PD-L1 TPS, no. % | – | – | 0.1018 | – |
≥50 | 68 (70.8%) | 56 (56.6%) | – | 31 (22.3%) |
1–49 | 20 (20.8%) | 27 (27.3%) | – | 38 (27.3%) |
<1 | 8 (8.3%) | 16 (16.2%) | – | 70 (50.4%) |
