Fig. 1: Establishment of DUC18828, patient derived FGFR2 fusion-positive xenograft (PDX), organoid (PDO), and cell line (PDC) models of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

A Schematic of the establishment of the PDX, PDO, and PDC models. Tumor was procured from the operating room to establish the PDX, which was then expanded and/or used to derive the PDO and PDC. Both the PDC and PDO have been re-injected into mice to re-establish xenografts. B Representative PDX prior to passage. C Brightfield microscopy image of the PDC model showing two distinctive morphologies, one of which is more clustered (red arrow) and the other one is more extended (blue arrowhead). Scale bar, 360 μm. D Brightfield microscopy image of the PDO model that possesses a dense, solid sphere structure. Scale bar, 360 μm. E Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for positive (CK7, CK19, CA19-9) and negative (CK20, CDX2) markers of ICC confirms the PDX, PDO, and PDC to be consistent with the primary tumor. F The PDC and PDO have the ability to regrow as xenografts and re-establish histology and morphology of the patient’s tumor, as evidenced by CK7 positivity and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, respectively. Morphologically, the patient’s hepatic tumor as well as the PDC- and PDO-derived xenografts are remarkable for moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, syncytial with areas of definitive gland formation and a prominent stromal response. Cytologically, there is a high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio, scattered atypical mitotic figures, and significant anisonucleosis.