Fig. 3: Association of CAF and malignant cell stemness with overall survival.

A, B Kaplan–Meier plots for TCGA PDAC bulk RNA-seq samples when partitioned into more versus less stem-like groups of fibroblasts (p-value = 0.03) and malignant cells (p-value = 0.01). Groups were selected based on the average Cytotrace correlation of cell type-specific genes. The median score was used as a threshold to partition the two groups. C, D Multivariate Cox regression hazard ratios and confidence intervals for fibroblast (p-value = 0.03) and malignant (p-value = 0.01) developmental stemness scores in PDAC TCGA while also including clinical features. E, F Distribution of CytoTRACE stemness correlation coefficients for fibroblast and malignant cell state-specific genes identified by Ecotyper in PDAC single-cell RNA-seq data. *** indicates p-value << 0.005 as calculated by the Wilcoxon rank sum test. The upper and lower bounds signify the first and third quartiles, respectively. The median is denoted by the center line. The whiskers represent data points within 1.5 times the interquartile range.