Correction to: npj Precision Oncology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-025-00949-y, published online 22 May 2025

In this article, in Fig. 9A, the layout of the “P-value” column became misaligned. In Fig. 10E (A549 cell line) and Fig. 12A (A549 CM group), an unintentional image misplacement occurred due to an oversight during the final figure assembly. To thoroughly resolve this issue and ensure absolute data reliability, the authors have replaced the images for the A549 cell line results in Fig. 10E with the correct ones. For the experiment in Fig. 12A, the authors repeated the experiment. The results are fully consistent with the conclusions of the original article, and the updated figures now accurately reflect these validated experimental results. The original article has been corrected.