Fig. 1: Morphology and structure.

a SEM image and b Raman spectrum of 10 nm Sb deposited at 250 °C onto Cu-supported CVD graphene. Salient lattice directions in the graphene and the Sb are labeled in a, as identified in the main text. c–g ADF STEM images of individual particles of 10 nm Sb deposited at 150 and 250 °C onto suspended monolayer graphene, showing overview (top) and atomic resolution images (middle) and corresponding FTs (bottom). The FTs are indexed to β-Sb(001) viewed along [001] zone axis (c, d) and cubic Sb(001) viewed along [001] zone axis (e–g), respectively. Corresponding salient crystallographic directions are superimposed over the ADF images. The sixfold symmetric “*”-indexed reflection set in d is ascribed cubic Sb₂O₃ viewed along the [111] zone axis and corresponds to Sb₂O₃ (2-20) reflection family, as described below. False-color coded ADF STEM images of overview and atomic resolution images can be found in Supplementary Fig. 1. h–j Atomic models of β-Sb(001), β-Sb[2-21], and cubic Sb(001), respectively. For further information on atomic models and FT simulations see Supplementary Figs. 2 and 3.