Table 2 Mean (SD) AUROC for different subsets of the proposed sensor system for the two-, three-, and four-stage resolution models.

From: Automating sleep stage classification using wireless, wearable sensors

Sleep stage

ACC, ECG, TEMP (all)

ACC ND, ECG, all distal TEMP

ACC ND, ECG, all proximal TEMP

ACC ND, ECG, Chest TEMP (single proximal sensor), hand TEMP ND (single distal sensor)

ACC ND, ECG, hand TEMP ND

ACC ND, ECG

ACC ND

ECG

Hand TEMP ND

Wake (2-stage)

0.89 (0.12)

0.86 (0.16)

0.84 (0.15)

0.87 (0.16)

0.87 (0.16)

0.85 (0.14)

0.82 (0.19)

0.72 (0.21)

0.71 (0.16)

Sleep (2-stage)

0.89 (0.12)

0.86 (0.16)

0.84 (0.15)

0.87 (0.16)

0.87 (0.16)

0.85 (0.14)

0.82 (0.19)

0.72 (0.21)

0.71 (0.16)

Wake (3-stage)

0.90 (0.11)

0.87 (0.15)

0.84 (0.16)

0.87 (0.16)

0.88 (0.15)

0.83 (0.17)

0.81 (0.18)

0.67 (0.24)

0.72 (0.17)

NREM (3-stage)

0.74 (0.13)

0.75 (0.13)

0.75 (0.12)

0.76 (0.13)

0.77 (0.14)

0.76 (0.11)

0.68 (0.11)

0.71 (0.12)

0.58 (0.15)

REM (3-stage)

0.66 (0.19)

0.62 (0.17)

0.63 (0.16)

0.64 (0.15)

0.65 (0.15)

0.65 (0.15)

0.45 (0.13)

0.68 (0.11)

0.50 (0.14)

Wake (4-stage)

0.90 (0.11)

0.87 (0.15)

0.85 (0.14)

0.88 (0.14)

0.89 (0.13)

0.85 (0.14)

0.82 (0.18)

0.70 (0.24)

0.71 (0.17)

Light (4-stage)

0.53 (0.10)

0.57 (0.09)

0.56 (0.09)

0.58 (0.10)

0.58 (0.10)

0.57 (0.10)

0.58 (0.05)

0.59 (0.09)

0.51 (0.08)

Deep (4-stage)

0.71 (0.10)

0.70 (0.09)

0.68 (0.09)

0.70 (0.09)

0.71 (0.09)

0.70 (0.09)

0.64 (0.10)

0.65 (0.11)

0.57 (0.11)

REM (4-stage)

0.68 (0.15)

0.65 (0.14)

0.66 (0.14)

0.67 (0.13)

0.67 (0.14)

0.68 (0.13)

0.47 (0.09)

0.70 (0.10)

0.49 (0.13)

  1. ACC accelerometer, ECG electrocardiography, TEMP skin temperature, ND non-dominant side
  2. The minimum sensor set is presented in bold