Table 3 Characterisation of the evidence for digital health technologies from included reports.
AI (n = 111) | Big data (n = 89) | IoT (n = 5) | Telehealth (n = 99) | DC (n = 27) | DM (n = 4) | DS (n = 22) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Translational relevance (Method of analysis) | Prospective intention to treat (ITT) analysis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (3.0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0 | 0 |
Prospective non-ITT analysis | 3 (2.7%) | 6 (6.7%) | 1 (20.0%) | 22 (22.2%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0 | 0 | |
Retrospective analysis | 7 (6.3%) | 12 (13.5%) | 0 | 35 (35.4%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0 | 0 | |
Descriptive analysis (non-interventional) | 101 (91.0%) | 71 (79.8%) | 4 (80.0%) | 39 (39.4%) | 20 (74.1%) | 4 (100%) | 22 (100%) | |
Strength of evidence (Study design) | Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cohort study | 5 (4.5%) | 9 (10.1%) | 0 | 41 (41.4%) | 3 (11.1%) | 0 | 0 | |
Case–control study | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (1.1%) | 0 | 1 (1.0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Cross-sectional/ case series | 13 (11.7%) | 14 (15.7%) | 1 (20.0%) | 20 (20.2%) | 3 (11.1%) | 0 | 0 | |
Survey on patient/Provider acceptance | 0 | 1 (1.1%) | 0 | 16 (16.2%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0 | 0 | |
Case report of a patient | 1 (0.9%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (6.1%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Description of a technology solution | 91 (82.0%) | 64 (71.9%) | 4 (80.0%) | 15 (15.2%) | 17 (63.0%) | 4 (100.0%) | 22 (100%) |
