Table 1 Individual study characteristics.
Author | Year | Country | Mean Age (±SD) | Total events | Total Patients | Female Gender (%) | Telemedicine method | Reference standard | Type of surgery | SSI review provider | Diabetes (%) | Smoking (%) | BMI (± SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abu-sheasha | 2020 | Egypt | — | 309 | 351 | — | Telephone | CDC | Multispecialty | Healthcare worker | — | — | |
Aiken | 2013 | Kenya | 30.0 (9.0) | 89 | 1172 | 1060 | Telephone | CDC | Multispecialty | Healthcare worker | — | — | — |
Bluebelle | 2019 | UK | 53.2 (17.5) | 208 | 732 | 428 | Questionnaire | CDC | Multispecialty | Research Team | 60 (7.7) | 350 (45.1) | 28.0 (6.1) |
Bruce | 2021 | UK | 44.1 (14.1) | 1036 | 1550 | 302 | Photograph | CDC | Trauma | Surgeon | 63 (8.1) | 218 (28.6) | 26.4 (5.9) |
Cherian | 2020 | Rwanda | 26.5 | 219 | 596 | 456 | Telephone | Empirical | O&G | Community healthcare worker | — | — | — |
Gunter | 2018 | USA | 63.0 | 40 | 40 | 10 | Photograph | Site protocol | Vascular | Clinical or research team | — | — | — |
Halwani | 2016 | USA | 28.5 (6.8) | 177 | 193 | 193 | Telephone | CDC | O&G | — | — | — | 33.3 (9.2) |
Hedrick | 2015 | USA | 59.5 (6.7) | 171 | 171 | 89 | Photograph | CDC | General | Surgeon | 21 (12.3) | 28 (16.4) | 29.0 (7.5) |
McLean | 2021 | UK | 44.3 (17.3) | 335 | 489 | 266 | Photograph | CDC | General | Surgeon | 23 (4.7) | — | 24.2 |
Mitchell | 1999 | Australia | 63.3 | 649 | 1360 | 636 | Questionnaire | CDC | Multispecialty | Research nurse | — | — | — |
Mousa | 2019 | USA | 64.0 (7.2) | 30 | 30 | 14 | Photograph | Vascular | — | 12 (40.0) | 15 (50.0) | 28.4 (5.6) | |
Nguhuni | 2017 | Tanzania | 26.3 (6.5) | 484 | 324 | 324 | Telephone | CDC | Obstetrics | Surgeon / Research nurse | — | — | 26.1 (5.0) |
Pathak | 2015 | India | — | 156 | Telephone | CDC | — | ‘Study assistant’ | — | — | — | ||
Pham | 2016 | USA | 54.1(19.0) | 2853 | 2853 | 1844 | Telephone | CDC | Multispecialty | Surgeon | 367 (12.9) | 359 (12.6) | 29.5 (7.4) |
Reilly | 2005 | UK | 67.0 (10.4) | 105 | 422 | 201 | Telephone | CDC | Orthopaedics | GP / district nurse | — | — | — |
Richter | 2017 | Israel | 50.5 (17.7) | 263 | 266 | 125 | Telephone | CDC | General | Surgeon (face-to-face) / ‘Surveyor’ (telephone) | — | — | — |
Sands | 1996 | USA | 42.0 | 1799 | 5572 | 3343 | Questionnaire | CDC | Multispecialty | Record reviewer | — | — | — |
Taylor | 2003 | UK | — | 2665 | — | Telephone | CDC | General | Healthcare worker | — | — | — | |
Totty | 2018 | UK | 61.1 | 56 | 37 | 14 | Photograph | ASEPSIS/CDC | Vascular | Surgeon | 10 (27.0) | 28 (75.7) | — |
