Fig. 5: Macronutrient Intake.
From: Impact of digital health interventions on glycemic control and weight management
Across all groups, there was a general trend towards reducing relative carbohydrate and sugar intake while increasing relative protein and fiber intake per calorie. Specifically, relative carbohydrate intake decreased by 3.5%, relative sugar by 16.7%, relative protein increased by 6.9%, and relative fiber increased by 13.8%, while fat intake decreased by 9.9%. When broken down by health condition, the healthy group showed the largest reduction in relative sugar (−22.6%) and fat intake (−11.6%), while the T2D group saw the highest increase in relative protein (12.1%) and fiber (14.1%). The pre-diabetic group demonstrated a similar reduction in relative sugar (−22.4%) but a larger decrease in relative fat (−13.0%) compared to the healthy group.
