Fig. 3: The figure displays individual study effect size estimates (Hedges’ g) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
From: A meta-analysis of persuasive design, engagement, and efficacy in 92 RCTs of mental health apps

Squares represent the point estimates of intervention efficacy. Horizontal lines indicate confidence intervals, and the vertical line at zero represents no effect. Studies to the left of zero reflect a reduction in symptoms and thus favour the intervention, while those to the right suggest a negative or null effect.