Fig. 6: Illustration of the methodologies in the study. | npj Digital Medicine

Fig. 6: Illustration of the methodologies in the study.

From: Digital twins enable stratification of persistent atrial fibrillation patients for ablation diminishing unnecessary heart damage

Fig. 6

a Segmentation of the atrial wall (pink area). b Induction of reentry by burst pacing at 40 bi-atrial sites (yellow points). c LRs, locations of reentry (light blue areas); the rotational wavefront at each LR is indicated by the pink circular allow. d Configuration of the IO-PVI lesions. e Configuration of the WA-PVI lesions. f Configuration of the PWI + PVI lesions. g (left) LA posterior wall extracted between the WA-PVI lesions and the two PWI additional lesions. (right) PV antrums extracted between the WA-PVI and IO-PVI lesions. h Evaluation of LVA presence at the LA posterior wall using the CARTO area measurement tool. IO-PVI individual ostial PVI, LA left atrial, LR location of reentry, LVA low-voltage area, PV pulmonary vein, PVI PV isolation, PWI + PVI LA posterior wall isolation plus WA-PVI, WA-PVI wide antral PVI.

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