Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included population

From: Artificial intelligence based multispecialty mortality prediction models for septic shock in a multicenter retrospective study

 

Cohort 1

External validation set

Training set (n = 2760)

Internal validation set (n = 691)

Cohort 1-1 (n = 357)

Cohort 1-2 (n = 381)

Cohort 2 (n = 422)

cohort 3 (n = 261)

Age, years

59.5 (48.0–69.0)

59.0 (47.5–68.0)

3.0 (0.0–7.0)

65.0 (51.0–73.0)

64.5 (52.3–75.0)

65.0 (55.0–73.0)

Gender

 

Female

1084 (39.28%)

293 (42.40%)

128 (35.85%)

124 (32.55%)

172 (40.76%)

102 (39.08%)

Male

1676 (60.72%)

398 (57.60%)

229 (64.15%)

257 (67.45%)

250 (59.24%)

159 (60.92%)

LOS, h

256.33 (91.58–497.88)

230.69 (68.43–456.38)

357.50 (209.05–635.47)

325.70 (139.97–576.00)

190.46 (79.37–349.22)

135.03 (47.47–278.70)

hs-CRP, mg/L

130.48 (66.70–199.08)

123.60 (59.10–198.15)

66.74 (22.30–127.50)

108.10 (55.30–154.90)

115.02 (52.78–192.38)

130.60 (57.50–195.60)

ALT, IU/L

30 (15.00–88.09)

29 (15–72)

29 (15–81)

27 (14–57)

25 (15–55)

29 (15–78)

Na, mmol/L

134.45 (1.39–141.10)

134.20 (1.37–140.70)

132.20 (103.68–136.30)

134.50 (1.41–139.40)

132.25 (1.37–138.50)

137.80 (133.90–141.60)

Lac, mmol/L

3.38 (1.97–5.62)

3.07 (1.80–5.41)

3.81 (2.48–5.05)

2.79 (1.32–5.01)

2.66 (1.53–4.41)

2.89 (1.70–4.91)

PLR

192.41 (85.34–362.04)

178.87 (75.08–336.56)

116.67 (62.50–205.68)

213.75 (125.64–339.87)

207.86 (102.21–368.33)

194.66 (111.11–352.78)

LMR

1.57 (0.86–3.06)

1.58 (0.83–3.20)

4.20 (1.98–1.97)

1.52 (0.94–2.58)

1.31 (0.75–2.60)

1.32 (0.74–2.64)

Ventilation time, h

 

Ventilator Recipients

1512 (54.78%)

399 (57.74%)

116 (32.49%)

158 (41.47%)

162 (38.39%)

123 (47.13%)

62 (18–154)

62 (15–146)

82 (18–197.13)

157.50 (58.75–372.00)

71 (24.5–211.5)

58 (17–135)

Non-Ventilator Recipients

1248 (45.22%)

292 (42.56%)

241 (67.51%)

223 (58.53%)

260 (61.61%)

138 (52.87%)

Oxygen flow rate via nasal cannula, L/min

 

Nasal Cannula Recipients

602, 21.81%

132, 19.10%

67, 18.77%

37, 9.71%

93, 22.04%

61, 23.37%

3 (3–5)

3 (3–5)

1 (0.5–1)

3 (2–5)

2 (2–3)

3 (2–5)

Non-Nasal Cannula Recipients

2158, 78.19%

559, 80.90%

290, 81.23%

344, 90.29%

329, 77.96%

200, 76.63%

Frequency of hemodialysis

 

Hemodialysis Recipients

1217, 44.09%

317, 45.88%

18, 5.04%

64, 16.79%

154, 36.49%

138, 52.87%

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

3.5 (2–7.5)

3.50 (2–8)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

Non-Hemodialysis Recipients

1543, 55.91%

374, 54.12%

339, 94.96%

317, 83.20%

268, 63.51%

123, 47.13%

Clinical Outcomes

 

Death Within 28 Days

577 (20.91%)

144 (20.84%)

52 (14.57%)

60 (15.75%)

100 (23.70%)

75 (28.74%)

Others

2183 (79.09%)

547 (79.16%)

305 (85.43%)

321 (84.25%)

322 (76.30%)

186 (71.26%)

  1. Data presented as median (IQR) or n (%). LOS = length of stay. hs-CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. ALT = alanine aminotransferase. Na = sodium ion. Lac = lactate. PLR = platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. LMR = lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio.
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