Fig. 3: Evaluation of the proposed drug-target prediction model using the BETA framework and predictions for 17 repurposed RCT drugs.

a illustrates the model’s overall performance across all seven tests within the BETA framework, demonstrating that the proposed method significantly outperforms all baseline methods. b showcases the prediction results for 17 repurposed RCT drugs based on the proposed model. The AUC-ROC and PR-AUC curves are provided to demonstrate the model’s predictive performance. Note: * indicates statistically significant improvement tested with a paired one-tailed t-test, where * represents P-value < 0.05, ** for P-value < 0.01, *** for P-value < 0.001, and **** for P-value < 0.0001.