Fig. 2: Box plots depicting total milligram morphine equivalents consumed stratified by patients predicted to be <50% and >50% risk of consuming an opioid in the first week after surgical discharge.

Left: internal validation (blue); right: external validation (orange). The box represents the interquartile range (IQR), and the whiskers extend to 1.5× the IQR, with outlier dots plotted beyond the whisker extents.