Fig. 5: Ethnicity and deprivation associations across male clusters.

Heatmap colours indicate the Z-scores differences in observed and expected frequency of each ethnicity and deprivation quantile with red indicating higher frequency (overrepresentation) and blue indicating lower frequency (underrepresentation), based on 1-vs-all Chi-squared testing. LB low burden, CM cardiometabolic, MH mental health, MIX mixed, RES respiratory.