Table 3 Element types and material properties for model components

From: Preserving the first ray or first two rays in forefoot amputation for diabetic foot ulcers

Component

Element Type

Young’s Modulus (E), MPa

Poisson’s Ratio, ν

Cross-section Area, mm2

Foot bones32,47

10-node tetrahedral

7300

0.3

/

Tibia and fibula31,48

10-node tetrahedral

ρ = 0.916* HU + 114

E = 0.06 * ρ ^ 1.51

0.3

/

Cartilage32,47

10-node tetrahedral

1

0.4

/

Ligament32,33

Truss

260

/

18.4

Plantar fascia33,47

Truss

350

/

58.6

Ground plate47

10-node tetrahedral

17000

0.4

/

Encapsulated soft tissue47,49

10-node tetrahedral

Hyperelastic (Mooney-Rivlin 5 parameter, C10 = 0.08556 Nmm–2, C01 = –0.05841 Nmm–2, C20 = 0.03900 Nmm–2, C11 = –0.02319 Nmm–2, C02 = 0.00851 Nmm–2, D1 = 3.65273 mm2N–1)