Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

From: Metabolomic characterization of frailty identifies subtype-specific management strategies

Characteristic

Overall

N = 160,407

Non-frail

N = 132,211

Frail

N = 28,196

P-value

Age (years)

56.10 (8.09)

55.69 (8.12)

58.06 (7.69)

<0.001

Male

74,996.00 (46.75%)

63,116.00 (47.74%)

11,880.00 (42.13%)

<0.001

White

152,376.00 (94.99%)

126,032.00 (95.33%)

26,344.00 (93.43%)

<0.001

Current smoking

16,012.00 (9.98%)

11,022.00 (8.34%)

4990.00 (17.70%)

<0.001

Current drinking

130,937.00 (81.63%)

112,570.00 (85.14%)

18,367.00 (65.14%)

<0.001

BMI (Kg/m2)

27.14 (4.70)

26.50 (4.13)

30.11 (5.91)

<0.001

SBP (mmHg)

137.46 (18.58)

137.25 (18.59)

138.43 (18.47)

<0.001

DBP (mmHg)

82.00 (10.12)

81.93 (10.05)

82.37 (10.43)

<0.001

ALT (U/L)

23.23 (13.96)

22.67 (13.27)

25.86 (16.61)

<0.001

AST (U/L)

26.09 (10.57)

25.78 (9.90)

27.54 (13.18)

<0.001

ALP (U/L)

82.70 (25.60)

80.96 (24.21)

90.87 (29.97)

<0.001

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.73 (1.13)

5.79 (1.09)

5.41 (1.24)

<0.001

Direct bilirubin (μmol/L)

1.74 (0.82)

1.76 (0.80)

1.69 (0.88)

<0.001

Total bilirubin (μmol/L)

9.19 (4.47)

9.36 (4.53)

8.39 (4.13)

<0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.72 (1.02)

1.65 (0.97)

2.04 (1.17)

<0.001

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

35.80 (6.56)

35.08 (5.17)

39.20 (10.27)

<0.001

  1. Means (SD) are reported for continuous variables, while count (%) is provided for categorical variables. Continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and categorical variables were assessed using Pearson’s chi-squared test. Statistical significance was determined using P-values when comparing non-frail and frail populations.
  2. BMI body mass index, SBP average systolic pressure, DBP average diastolic pressure, ALT alanine transaminase, AST aspartate transaminase, ALP alkaline phosphatase
Back to article page