Table 16 Suture quality assessment in Teleoperated Suturing Task

From: Enhancing telesurgical safety with predictive digital twin synchronization: a framework for latency compensation in robotic surgery

Group

Quality

With DTVA

Without DTVA

5 ms

300 ms

600 ms

900 ms

5 ms

300 ms

600 ms

900 ms

Q1

3.00 ± 0.00

2.00 ± 0.00

1.00 ± 1.00

0.33 ± 0.58

3.00 ± 0.00

2.00 ± 0.00

1.00 ± 1.00

0.33 ± 0.58

Q2

2.33 ± 0.58

2.00 ± 0.00

1.33 ± 0.58

0.67 ± 0.58

2.33 ± 0.58

2.00 ± 0.00

1.33 ± 1.16

0.33 ± 0.58

Q3

3.00 ± 0.00

2.33 ± 0.58

1.00 ± 1.00

1.00 ± 1.73

3.00 ± 0.00

2.33 ± 0.58

1.00 ± 1.00

0.33 ± 0.58

Qc

8.33 ± 0.58

8.00 ± 0.00

5.67 ± 0.58

3.00 ± 2.65

8.33 ± 0.58

6.33 ± 0.58

3.33 ± 2.89

1.00 ± 1.73

Qs

0/15

0/15

0/15

3/15

0/15

0/15

2/15

7/15

  1. Data expressed as mean ± SD.
Back to article page