Table 7 Two-way ANOVA results for average velocity in teleoperated peg-transfer task

From: Enhancing telesurgical safety with predictive digital twin synchronization: a framework for latency compensation in robotic surgery

Source of Variation

Degrees of freedom

Mean Square

F-statistic

P-value

Latency

3

0.009

4.137

0.01

DTVA usage

1

0.003

1.208

0.276

Latency × DTVA usage

3

0.001

0.337

0.798

  1. Adjusted R² = 0.097.