Table 1 Characteristics of included studies evaluating wearable EEG for MCI detection
From: Wearable EEG devices in the detection of mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review
Author (Year) | Country | Publication type | Setting | MCI diagnostic criteria | Sample size (MCI/HC) | Mean age, years (MCI/HC) | Female, % (MCI/HC) | Education, years (MCI/HC) | Baseline cognition (MCI/HC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rutkowski et al. (2023a)33 | Poland | Journal article | Laboratory | MoCA ≤ 25 | 18/9 | 70.8 | 96.3 | NR | MoCA: 20.2/27.7 |
Boudaya et al. (2024)34 | Germany | Journal article | NR | CERAD task-based scoring | 13/11 | 63–83 | 72.8/58.3 | NR | NR |
Wu et al. (2023)35 | China | Journal article | NR | MoCA ≤ 26, MMSE ≥ 24 | 44/42 | 68.8/67.7 | 52.3/45.2 | 9.7/10.2 | MoCA: 21.7/27.2; MMSE: 25.3/27.5 |
Li et al. (2023)36 | China | Journal article | Laboratory | MoCA < 26 + linical interview | 61/59 | 71.0/67.9 | 44.0/53.0 | 5.1/7.9 | MoCA: 23.2/27.1; MMSE: 25.1/28.8 |
Chai et al. (2023)37 | China | Journal article | Laboratory | MoCA ≤ 26, MMSE ≥ 24 | 40/39 | 69.7/69.5 | 42.5/53.8 | 5.9/6.3 | MoCA: 21.6/27.2; MMSE: 25.3/28.7 |
Perez-Valero et al. (2022)30 | Spain | Journal article | Hospital | CSF biomarkers or β-amyloid PET | 5/8 | 73.4/67.0 | 0/87.5 | NR | NR |
Lee et al. (2022a)38 | Korea | Journal article | Hospital | SCID-I and MINI | 21/21 | 74.7/73.7 | 66.7/71.4 | 7.9/9.3 | NR |
Lee et al. (2022b)39 | Korea | Journal article | Hospital | Petersen/McKhann criteria + K-MMSE-2 | 21/22 | 72.5/68.3 | 62.0/68.0 | 8.0/9.8 | MoCA: 16.0/22.9; MMSE: 22.1/27.5 |
Boudaya et al. (2022)40 | Germany | Conference Paper | NR | CERAD task-based scoring | 9/8 | 63-83 | NR | NR | NR |
Jiang et al. (2019)32 | China | Journal article | Community | Petersen Diagnostic Criteria | 152/184 | 71.6/71.7 | NR | 8.2/9.4 | MoCA: 23.2/28.3 |
Jin-Young et al. (2022)41 | Korea | Journal article | Hospital | SNSB-C ≤ 16th percentile | 151/69 | 74.7/73.1 | 44.4/47.8 | 10.3/10.3 | NR |
Chen et al. (2023)42 | China | Conference Paper | Hospital | MRI, CSF, neuropsychological scales | 32/27 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Rutkowski et al. (2021a)43 | Japan | Conference Paper | Laboratory | MoCA ≤ 25 | 22/23 | 73.6 ± 4.95 | 66.7 | NR | NR |
Rutkowski et al. (2022)44 | Japan | Conference Paper | Laboratory | MoCA ≤ 25 | 22/23 | 73.6 ± 4.95 | 66.7 | NR | NR |
Rutkowski et al. (2023b)45 | Japan | Conference Paper | Laboratory | MoCA ≤ 25 | 22/23 | 73.6 ± 4.95 | 66.7 | NR | NR |
Rutkowski et al. (2021b)46 | Japan | Conference Paper | Laboratory | MoCA ≤ 25 | 10/5 | 74.3 ± 6.4 | 73.3 | NR | NR |
Meghdadi et al. (2021)51 | USA | Journal article | NR | DSM-5/comprehensive criteria (1–1.5 SD) | 53/55 | 71.2/68.8 | 38.0/45.0 | NR (58%/50% university) | MMSE: 26.8/29.7 |
Segaert et al. (2022)47 | UK | Journal article | Hospital | Petersen criteria | 23/23 | 70.0/72.0 | 56.5/52.2 | 14.0/16.0 | ACE-R: 85/95 |
Xue et al. (2024)48 | China | Journal article | NR | MoCA ≤ 26 | 40/40 | 62.3/2.5 | 50.0/40.0 | 6.0/8.5 | MoCA: 20.3/27.9; MMSE: 25.3/28.7 |
Jiang et al. (2025)49 | China | Journal article | Community | 2018 Chinese Dementia Guidelines | 21/20 | 70.3/70.0 | 28.6/40.0 | 9.5/11.1 | MoCA: 19.9/26.7; MMSE: 26.7/28.1 |
Hata et al. (2025)50 | Japan | Journal article | Hospital | CDR = 0.5 | 48/121 | 66.7/74.3 | 37.8/33.9 | NR | MMSE: 25.7/29.7 |
