Table 1 Subjective outcomes

From: Large language models in systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical treatments for vaginal vault prolapse

Study (1st author year)

Intervention

Subjective outcomes assessment tool

Results

F/U (y)

Maher13

ASC (polypropylene) vs SSF

SUDI, IIQ, Modified sexual function questionnaires, SF-36, Patient satisfaction (VAS 0–100)

Subjective success rate: 94% (43/46) vs 91% (39/43), p = 0.19

Patient satisfaction: 85% (39/46) vs 81% (35/43), p = 0.78

2

Culligan14

ASC (fascia lata vs polypropylene)

Not defined

Not defined

1

Tate17

ASC (fascia lata vs polypropylene)

Symptoms of prolapse, or bulge

Clinical (objective and subjective) success: 90% (26/29) vs 97% (28/29), p = 0.61

Of failures by objective definition, 77% were asymptomatic, suggesting anatomical failures often not clinically relevanta

5

Maher15

LSC vs TVM

APFQ, P-QOL, Patient satisfaction (VAS 0–100)

Symptomatic prolapse: 2% (1/53) vs. 7% (4/55), p = 0.18

Patient satisfaction: 87 ± 21 vs 79 ± 20, p = 0.002

2

Paraiso16

LSC vs RSC

PFDI-20, PFIQ-7, PISQ-12, EG-5D, Activity Assessment Scale

Improvement without differences

Robotic group reported higher pain scores at rest and with activity weeks 3–5 (VAS, p = 0.02–0.04) and required longer NSAID use (median 20 vs 11 days, p < 0.005)a

1

Halaska18

SSF vs TVM

UIQ, CRAIQ, POPIQ, PISQ short

Improvement without differences

CRAIQ (bowel symptoms) improved more in mesh group (p < 0.05)a

1

Freeman 2013 (LAS)19

ASC vs LSC

PGI-I, P-QOL, SF-36

PGI-I “very much better”, “much better” 90% vs 80%

P-QOL “prolapse impact” No difference

1

Svabik20

SSF vs TVM

POPDI, UDI, CRADI, PISQ-12, ICIQ-SF

Improvement without differences

De novo SUI higher after Prolift (13 vs 3 cases, p = 0.023)a

1

Coolen21

ASC vs LSC

UDI, DDI, IIQ, PGI-I

Composite outcome of success: 89.2% (33/37) vs 83.8% (31/37)

PGI-I “very much better”, “much better” 74% (20/27) vs 71% (22/31), p = 0.563

No difference

1

Ow22

VEULS with anterior mesh vs ASC

PFDI-20, POPDI, UDI, CRADI, PISQ, bothersome bulge

Bothersome bulge 26.5% (9/34) vs 8.6% (3/35), p = 0.06

No difference

4

Ferrando23

R/LSC (Dual vs Y mesh)

Bulge

8% (2/27) vs 4% (1/28), p = 0.55

0.5

Ferrando26

R/LSC (Dual vs Y mesh)

PFDI-20, POPDI, CRADI, UDI, Bulge

Subjective recurrence: 8.3% (2/24) vs 10.0% (2/20), p = 0.90

No difference

2

Galad24

TVM vs SSF

Patient satisfaction (VAS 0–100), IQoL

Quality of life : 91% (42/46) vs 87% (39/45), p = 0.898

No difference

3

Hemming25

Vaginal vs Abdominal

POP-SS, QoL, EQ-5D, ICIQ

No difference

1

van Oudheusden 2023 (SALTO)27

LSC vs ASC

UDI, DDI, IIQ, PGI-I, PISQ

Clinical (objective and subjective) outcomes: 78.6% (11/14) vs 84.6% (11/13), p = 0.686

PGI-I “very much better”, “much better” 57.9% (11/19) vs 58.8% (10/17), p = 0.955

No difference

9

van Oudheusden 2023 (SALTO-2)28

LSC vs SSF

UDI, DDI, IIQ, PGI-I, PISQ, bulge

Clinical (objective and subjective) outcomes: 89.3% (25/28) vs 86.2% (25/29), p = 0.810

Bothersome bulge 10.3% (3/29) vs 10.0% (3/30), p = 1.000

PGI-I “satisfaction” 78.6% (22/28) vs 80.0% (24/30), p = 0.778

No difference

1

Menefee29

NTR vs SC vs TVM

PFDI, POPDI, UDI, CRADI, PFIQ, UIQ, CRAIQ, PISQ-IR, BIPOP, FAS, SF-12

Symptomatic failure 17/123 vs 17/121 vs 11/115

PFDI change −73.1 (−79.3 to −66.9) vs −84.6 (−90.8 to −78.4) vs −85.6 (−91.8 to −79.3), p = 0.008b

UDI (p = 0.03), CRADI (p = 0.08), CRAIQ (p = 0.04)b

SF-12 mental component p = 0.03b

SC = TVM > NTR

3

Andy30

NTR vs SC vs TVM

BIPOP, PISQ-IR

No difference

3

  1. APFQ Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire, BIPOP Body Image in Pelvic Organ Prolapse, CRADI Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory, CRAIQ Colorectal-Anal Impact Questionnaire, DDI Defecatory Distress Inventory, EQ-5D EuroQol-5 Dimension, FAS Female Sexual Function Assessment Scale, ICIQ-SF International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Short Form, IIQ Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, IQoL Incontinence Quality of Life, LSC Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy, NTR Native Tissue Repair, PFDI-20 Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory–20, PFIQ-7 Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire–7, PGI-I Patient Global Impression of Improvement, PISQ Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire, PISQ-12 Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire–12 items, PISQ-IR Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire–IUGA Revised, POPDI Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory, POPIQ Pelvic Organ Prolapse Impact Questionnaire, POP-SS Pelvic Organ Prolapse Symptom Score, P-QOL Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire, QoL Quality of Life, RSC Robotic Sacrocolpopexy, SF-12 12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-36 36-Item Short Form Survey, SUDI Stress and Urge Incontinence and Daily Impact Questionnaire, TVM Transvaginal Mesh, UDI Urogenital Distress Inventory, UIQ Urinary Impact Questionnaire, VEULS Vaginal Endoscopic Unilateral Lateral Suspension, VAS Visual Analogue Scale.
  2. aIt was extracted by ChatGPT only.
  3. bIt was extracted by the author only.