Fig. 3: Trade-offs in conservation outcomes in relation to policy objectives.

a,b, The impact of different policy objectives based on full recurrent monitoring: the policies were designed to minimize value loss (a) and maximize the amount of protected area (b). The plots show the outcome averaged across 250 simulations (blue polygons). The radial axis shows the percentage change compared with the baseline random policy, and the dashed grey polygons show the outcome of a policy with full recurrent monitoring optimized to minimize biodiversity loss (Fig. 2a).