Table 1 Revenue-generating characteristics of wildlife ranches in four distinct ‘business model’ clusters (mean ± SE)
From: Lessons from COVID-19 for wildlife ranching in a changing world
Trophy hunting focus (pink circles) | Mixed wildlife (green triangles) | Mixed wildlife–agriculture (blue squares) | Ecotourism focus (purple plus signs) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of properties | 33 | 12 | 17 | 12 |
PC1 | −0.52 (±0.21) | 0.19 (±0.25) | 0.65 (±0.37) | 0.33 (±0.24) |
PC2 | −0.02 (±0.14) | −0.54 (±0.52) | −0.25 (±0.40) | 1.00 (±0.31) |
Revenue from (%) | ||||
Ecotourism | 4.9 (±7.1) | 15.6 (±15.3) | 21.2 (±28.3) | 83.1 (±21.7) |
Biltong hunting | 5.3 (±5.4) | 22.3 (±26.3) | 6.1 (±6.9) | 1.7 (±3.3) |
Trophy hunting | 65.9 (±16.8) | 31.3 (±20.4) | 9.4 (±12.4) | 6.3 (±11.9) |
Venison | 6.4 (±8) | 17.1 (±20.6) | 1.8 (±4.3) | 1.1 (±1.9) |
Wildlife breeding | 9.8 (±8.8) | 4.3 (±6.6) | 5.1 (±7.7) | 5.5 (±6.5) |
Agriculture (livestock and cultivation) | 5.8 (±9) | 2.8 (±6.9) | 55.3 (±21.6) | 0.5 (±1.4) |
Livestock | 5.3 (±9.1) | 2.4 (±6.9) | 50.9 (±24.3) | 0.5 (±1.4) |
Cultivation | 0.5 (±1.9) | 0.4 (±0.8) | 4.4 (±10) | 0 (±0) |
Events | 0.2 (±0.9) | 1.8 (±5.7) | 0.1 (±0.2) | 1.4 (±3.1) |
Other | 1.8 (±7.1) | 4.7 (±14.3) | 1.2 (±3.8) | 0.5 (±1.4) |
Foreign visitors (%) | 87.2 (±12.9) | 29.6 (±21.4) | 35.8 (±37.2) | 85.2 (±12.5) |
