Fig. 1: Adaptation and mitigation potential priorities.

Adaptation priorities include areas where TLUs (L), pasture area (P), rural population (R) and VOP (V) are exposed to climate hazards. Mitigation priorities include reducing livestock-direct and deforestation-linked GHG emissions (E). The bottom-left (top-right) corner of the colour scale indicates low (high) adaptation and mitigation potential priorities. Shades of blue show increasing mitigation potential, moving from light to dark blue, over the x  axis of the colour scale, whereas shades of green show increasing adaptation potential, moving from light to dark green, over the y  axis of the colour scale. The climate hazards include climate variability (RF), heat stress (THI), drought (D) and flooding (F). The following ID codes for the various indicators, hazards and emissions categories reference datasets used in the analysis (see Supplementary Table 3): TLUs (001), VOP (002), pasture area (003), rural population (004), climate hazards (006–009), GHG emissions (011–017), bovine emissions (011 and 012), forest loss to pasture emissions (013–016), forest loss to soy emissions (013–015 and 017), pig emissions (011 and 012) and shoat emissions (011 and 012).