Fig. 1: Changes in household income, utility index and consumption.
From: Contribution of double-cropped maize ethanol in Brazil to sustainable development
Results from alternative scenarios and assumptions of the PAEG model due to a 5 billion l increase in multicropping maize ethanol in the Central-West region of Brazil. Household F01 is the lowest income class; F10 is the highest (F01, income up to US$240; F02, >US$240 up to US$360; F03, >US$360 up to US$599; F04, >US$599 up to US$719; F05, >US$719 up to US$958; F06, >US$958 up to US$1,198; F07, >US$1,198 up to US$1,796; F08, >US$1,796 up to US$2,395; F09, >US$2,395 up to US$3,593; F10, >US$3,593). Each bar represents model output assuming default model parameters (central values). Vertical bars represent the range of impacts and dot plots represent several contemporary outputs from the same scenario under sensitivity analysis of key model parameters (n = 20) (Methods; Supplementary Information Section 4 and Supplementary Figs. 9–11 for full sensitivity assumptions and outcomes). Ind. util., changes in household utility index; val. cons., changes in total value of consumer expenses.
