Fig. 1: POWS activity tests and TRPL spectra of the Pt/N–TiO2.

a,c, POWS activity of the Pt/N–TiO2 tested in NaCl aqueous solutions (a) and artificial seawaters (c) at 270 °C. The POWS activity is defined as the H2 evolution rate (mmol h−1) per unit mass of photocatalyst, presented in units of mmol g−1 h−1. The central data points are the average of three independent measurements (n = 3). Error bars represent s.d. Yellow dots represent the data points. b,d, TRPL spectra of the 1 wt% Pt/N–TiO2 tested in NaCl aqueous solutions at 25 °C (the concentrations are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 mol l−1, respectively, increasing along the arrow in b) (b) and artificial seawaters (d). In TRPL measurements, the intervals between the consecutive measured laser pulses are tuned to ∼100 ns by a pulse picker to ensure that the interval is long enough to allow the excited charge carriers to fully relax to the ground states before the next pulse arrives.