Fig. 6: Linear free energy investigation.

a, Reaction conditions. b, Effect of varying the substituents on the aryl chloride 1 on relative rates (aryl boronate, 2b). c, Effect of varying substituents on the aryl boronates (aryl chloride, 1a). Note \(\log (\frac{{k}_{{R}}}{{k}_{{Me}}})\) rather than \(\log (\frac{{k}_{\rm{R}}}{{k}_{\rm{H}}})\), where kH is the rate with an unspecified substrate, was used throughout; ΔσHammett = (σHammett 4-R) – (σHammett 4-Me). kMe, rate with methyl-subsituted substrate; kR, rate with specified substrate.