Fig. 5

Huddling behaviour in the mixed housing condition (group-housed mice and socially isolated mice). a Experimental design for the mixed housing condition. Two group-housed (GH) and two socially isolated (SI) adult male mice were placed in a chamber (n = 14 per each type). b Representative position plots over time. group-housed mice (magenta and yellow), socially isolated mice (light blue and green) and merge. c Latency to huddling behaviour for the group-housed pair (GH-GH), heterogenous (group-housed and socially isolated) pair (GH-SI) and socially isolated pair(SI-SI). Data are shown as mean ± SE (group-housed pair; n = 7, group-housed and socially isolated pair; n = 28, socially isolated pair; n = 7). d Percentages of pairs in each huddling order category (the first, intermediate, and last to huddle) for each pair type. e Percent of time spent huddling for each pair during light and dark phases (12-h epochs) on Days 2–3. Permutation test, with one-way and with 1 between (Group) × 2 within (Day, Light/Dark) ANOVA models for c and e, respectively. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001