Fig. 1
Higher ploidy level increases with age and disease in human cardiomyocytes. Human myocardial tissue sections assessed by in situ quantitation of ploidy level from 16-week-old fetal (a), 18- (b), and 58- (c) year-old female with normal heart histology and function, and 68-year-old male (d) and female (e) explanted from the left ventricle free wall from heart failure patients receiving the LVAD implant (zoomed-out scalebar = 150 μm; zoomed-in scalebar = 25 μm). Boxed regions of higher magnification are shown to the right of each scan. Arrows point to example cCICs included in the analysis. Quantitation of in situ DNA content per nucleus of cardiomyocytes and ckit+ cells measured by DAPI fluorescent intensity of the nucleus within 3D reconstruction of tissue, analyzed by t test (f). Compiled data of in situ DNA content per nucleus of cardiomyocytes and ckit+ cells measured by DAPI fluorescent intensity of the nucleus within 3D reconstruction of tissue (g). Percent of cCICs and cardiomyocyte nuclei with diploid tetraploid and higher ploidy content (h). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Data are presented as mean±SEM and analyzed using a t test (f) or one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test (g)
