Table 1 Biomechanical parameters of uninfected and infected erythrocytes
From: Hemoglobin S and C affect biomechanical membrane properties of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes
Bending modulus κ [10−19 N m] | Surface tension σ [10−6 N m−1] | Membrane confinement γ [106 N m−3] | Apparent RBC viscosity ηRBC [10−2 Nm−2 s] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HbAA | 2.7 ± 0.6 (42) | 0.7 ± 0.2 (42) | 0.5 ± 0.2 (42) | 1.2 ± 0.7 (42) | |
Uninfected | HbAS | 2.8 ± 0.6 (41) | 0.8 ± 0.2 (41)* | 0.6 ± 0.2 (41)* | 0.9 ± 0.6 (39) |
HbAC | 2.5 ± 0.8 (36) | 1.1 ± 0.3 (36)*,# | 0.9 ± 0.4 (36)*,# | 1.2 ± 0.6 (36) | |
HbAA | 2.6 ± 1.0 (30) | 1.3 ± 0.5 (30)$ | 1.9 ± 1.5 (30)$ | 1.9 ± 1.1 (30)$ | |
Ring | HbAS | 2.5 ± 0.8 (25) | 1.4 ± 0.6 (25)$ | 2.3 ± 1.6 (25)$ | 1.9 ± 1.4 (25)$ |
HbAC | 3.9 ± 1.4 (25)$,§,& | 2.0 ± 0.6 (25)$,§,& | 2.2 ± 1.0 (25)$,§ | 3.3 ± 1.8 (25)$,§,& | |
HbAA | 3.4 ± 1.4 (29)$ | 3.3 ± 1.6 (29)$ | 5.3 ± 3.9 (29)$ | 8.8 ± 5.2 (29)$ | |
Trophozoite | HbAS | 5.9 ± 1.2 (39)$,§ | 3.2 ± 1.2 (39)$ | 3.7 ± 2.3 (39)$,§ | 9.2 ± 4.6 (25)$ |
HbAC | 5.5 ± 2.2 (40)$,§ | 4.3 ± 1.4 (40)$,§,& | 6.0 ± 3.4 (40)$,& | 9.9 ± 10.5 (25)$ | |
Knobless trophozoite | HbAA | 3.5 ± 1.0 (47)$ | 2.2 ± 0.7 (47)$,§ | 2.2 ± 1.2 (47)$,§ | 9.1 ± 5.4 (34)$ |
